深度学习PaddlePaddle框架支持下的遥感智能视觉平台研究与实现     

孙玉梅  刘昱豪  边占新  孙亮  陈敬周 《测绘通报》2021,(11):65-69,75

百度深度学习PaddlePaddle框架支持下的遥感智能视觉平台,能够运用深度学习技术实现遥感影像的智能建模、训练和解译。本文通过深入分析PaddlePaddle图像分割模型库PaddleSeg的图像处理深度学习算法模型DeepLabV3+、U²-Net及RetinaNet,开发设计了遥感智能视觉平台,实现了遥感影像的地块分割、变化检测和斜框检测等专业功能。研究表明：遥感智能视觉平台提取的图斑总面积是目视解译的80%、有效图斑比例为76%、错误图斑比例为18%,实现了快速有效的遥感图像智能处理。  相似文献   

强跟踪抗差自适应滤波算法及其在无人机导航定位中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖业伟  谢小刚 《测绘通报》2021,(4):64-67

针对Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法在无人机导航定位应用中存在滤波发散和定位精度低的问题,本文提出一种强跟踪抗差自适应滤波算法。该算法在Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法基础上,引入强跟踪技术,通过自适应渐消因子降低历史数据对当前滤波的影响,从而抑制滤波发散,增强算法的稳健性;结合量测噪声和系统噪声进行实时估计,并且在估计中加入抗差因子抑制粗差对滤波的干扰,提高定位精度。仿真结果表明,该算法在发生滤波发散和粗差干扰的情况下能够表现出良好的滤波性能,较Sage-Husa算法有更强的稳健性。  相似文献   

基于车载激光点云的高精地图矢量化成图     

赵焰  曹聿铭  黄鹤 《测绘通报》2021,(12):105-109,114

针对车载激光点云中对各特征物提取结果后矢量化成图时的自动化问题,本文基于双方向积分法实现了边缘检测及矢量化成图,旨在保证特征物基本特征的同时,也保证点云的绝对精度。将输入的特征点云进行离群点过滤,以保证外包框算法特征点云的准确度;将三维点云按照外包框算法投影至最优平面,为后续沿各方向积分提供输入;利用八邻域KD-tree算法求出样本特征点云的均值邻域半径,依据邻域半径对各方向积分提供积分域中的微分元;根据提供的微分元沿各方向进行积分,在该积分元内找到距平面最值的最优解;按照积分结果构建点云索引,并根据点云特征构建模型,最终得到高精地图的矢量化点云。试验证明了该方法在处理实际问题时的可行性。  相似文献   

An adaptive finite element model for wellbore breakout simulation     

Diogo L. Cecílio  Philippe R. B. Devloo  Sônia M. Gomes  Erick S.R. Santos 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(4):814-828

A finite element formulation is proposed and implemented for analysing the stability of excavated wells using the DiMaggio-Sandler constitutive elastoplastic model with a typical carbonate reservoir configuration. The quality of the finite element approximation is ensured by applying smooth curved elements adapted to the wellbore geometry, and h − p adaptive finite element meshes in the plastic zone. General purpose procedures are defined to transfer the elastoplastic deformation history to newly created integration points. A breakout damage criterion is proposed based on the second invariant of the deviatoric plastic deformation tensor. This damage criterion is used to apply a mesh movement algorithm to represent material collapse. The automatic successive application of the breakout damage criterion results in elliptical realistically looking geometries obtained in experiments reported in the literature.  相似文献   

基于F型mtDNA D-Loop的厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)群体遗传多样性研究     

刘硕博  唐祖蓉  申望  叶莹莹  陈晓磊  祁鹏志  郭宝英 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(2):355-364

为研究东海区厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)遗传多样性,以厚壳贻贝F mtDNA D-loop为标记,对浙江省舟山嵊山岛、宁波渔山岛、温州南麂岛、福建省宁德湾和莆田南日岛五个海区的厚壳贻贝群体进行了遗传分析。结果表明,厚壳贻贝各群体的遗传多样性差异不明显,在5个群体中,宁德群体的遗传多样性相对最丰富;将5个群体作为一个整体时,呈现出较高的单倍型多样性和较低的核苷酸多样性。对厚壳贻贝5个群体间的遗传分化系数(Fst)和基因流(Nm)进行检测,结果显示群体间Fst值都很低,但Nm值都很高(Nm绝对值1),表明5个群体间存在丰富的基因交流。但宁德群体与浙江沿海的3个群体(嵊山、渔山、温州)的Fst值相对较高,且差异显著(P0.5),表明宁德群体与这3个群体间出现遗传分化。本研究旨在为海洋经济贝类资源的保护管理提供理论依据。  相似文献   

改进A?的高层建筑逃生路径规划算法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

靳海亮  王赢乐  袁鸣  陈梦龙 《测绘通报》2019,(11):17-21,25

针对高层建筑内部结构复杂，发生火灾时没有疏散引导情况，逃生通道极易发生拥堵导致疏散效率降低的问题，本文基于对A*算法的改进，提出了高层建筑逃生路径规划算法。该算法以高层建筑内部路网节点为关键要素，综合火灾发生位置、人员密度、人员数量等因素，从逃生终点优化分配、节点扩展优化、权值优化3个方面进行改进，实现了火灾发生时高层建筑内部的逃生路径规划，并以某高层建筑为例，验证了本文算法的可行性。  相似文献   

Estimation of crowd density from UAVs images based on corner detection procedures and clustering analysis     

Ali Almagbile 《地球空间信息科学学报》2019,22(1):23-34

With rapid developments in platforms and sensors technology in terms of digital cameras and video recordings, crowd monitoring has taken a considerable attentions in many disciplines such as psychology, sociology, engineering, and computer vision. This is due to the fact that, monitoring of the crowd is necessary to enhance safety and controllable movements to minimize the risk particularly in highly crowded incidents (e.g. sports). One of the platforms that have been extensively employed in crowd monitoring is unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), because UAVs have the capability to acquiring fast, low costs, high-resolution and real-time images over crowd areas. In addition, geo-referenced images can also be provided through integration of on-board positioning sensors (e.g. GPS/IMU) with vision sensors (digital cameras and laser scanner). In this paper, a new testing procedure based on feature from accelerated segment test (FAST) algorithms is introduced to detect the crowd features from UAV images taken from different camera orientations and positions. The proposed test started with converting a circle of 16 pixels surrounding the center pixel into a vector and sorting it in ascending/descending order. A single pixel which takes the ranking number 9 (for FAST-9) or 12 (for FAST-12) was then compared with the center pixel. Accuracy assessment in terms of completeness and correctness was used to assess the performance of the new testing procedure before and after filtering the crowd features. The results show that the proposed algorithms are able to extract crowd features from different UAV images. Overall, the values of Completeness range from 55 to 70 % whereas the range of correctness values was 91 to 94 %.  相似文献   

基于Bagging集成学习算法的地震事件性质识别分类   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

任涛  林梦楠  陈宏峰  王冉冉  李松威  刘晓雨  刘杰 《地球物理学报》2019,62(1):383-392

地震台网在监测地震的同时记录到的非天然震动事件会对后续的科研和预报工作造成较大的影响,因此快速准确的对天然震动事件与非天然震动事件加以区分就显得尤为重要.本文针对传统人工方法识别地震事件性质的不足之处,采用Bagging机器学习算法对地震事件性质进行区分.首先选取震中距范围在80～200km内的地震数据,之后采用AIC算法自动识别P波到时,进而用处理后的数据训练模型,最后使用测试数据对模型进行评估,准确率可达85%以上.因此,本文提出的方法可以有效地对天然震动事件与非天然震动事件加以区分.  相似文献   

Water level observations from unmanned aerial vehicles for improving estimates of surface water–groundwater interaction          下载免费PDF全文

Filippo Bandini  Michael Butts  Torsten Vammen Jacobsen  Peter Bauer‐Gottwein 《水文研究》2017,31(24):4371-4383

Integrated hydrological models are usually calibrated against observations of river discharge and piezometric head in groundwater aquifers. Calibration of such models against spatially distributed observations of river water level can potentially improve their reliability and predictive skill. However, traditional river gauging stations are normally spaced too far apart to capture spatial patterns in the water surface, whereas spaceborne observations have limited spatial and temporal resolution. Unmanned aerial vehicles can retrieve river water level measurements, providing (a) high spatial resolution; (b) spatially continuous profiles along or across the water body, and (c) flexible timing of sampling. A semisynthetic study was conducted to analyse the value of the new unmanned aerial vehicle‐borne datatype for improving hydrological models, in particular estimates of groundwater–surface water (GW–SW) interaction. Mølleåen River (Denmark) and its catchment were simulated using an integrated hydrological model (MIKE 11–MIKE SHE). Calibration against distributed surface water levels using the Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis algorithm demonstrated a significant improvement in estimating spatial patterns and time series of GW–SW interaction. After water level calibration, the sharpness of the estimates of GW–SW time series improves by ~50% and root mean square error decreases by ~75% compared with those of a model calibrated against discharge only.  相似文献   

单晶高温合金X射线衍射斑点自动识别算法研究          下载免费PDF全文

张哲  朱锦霞  庄凯  谢光  秦秀波  魏存峰 《CT理论与应用研究》2017,26(4):447-455

单晶高温合金展现出优越的抗疲劳性能和高温蠕变性能,广泛应用于航空发动机和燃气轮机的热端部件。但是,其制备过程中会产生晶体取向偏离、杂晶等缺陷。目前国际上已经普遍使用X射线劳埃衍射技术对单晶叶片的晶体缺陷进行无损检测,但是这种检测方法主要依赖人工识别,效率低,结果可重复性差,不适合批量化检测。本文结合工程需要,提出对劳埃衍射斑点进行自动识别的算法,主要包括衍射图样的预处理、轮廓检测、轮廓形态筛选及轮廓符合检测等。该算法能够自动检测出衍射图样上的衍射斑点,并最终给出斑点的位置坐标数据及其误差。根据衍射斑点的位置,通过衍射分析算法,计算出单晶叶片上的晶体取向,并最终对叶片的晶体缺陷给出综合评价。   相似文献